{"id":4742,"date":"2025-02-08T12:07:35","date_gmt":"2025-02-08T12:07:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/a-swearing-expert-discusses-the-state-of-profanity\/"},"modified":"2025-02-08T12:07:35","modified_gmt":"2025-02-08T12:07:35","slug":"a-swearing-expert-discusses-the-state-of-profanity","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/a-swearing-expert-discusses-the-state-of-profanity\/","title":{"rendered":"A Swearing Expert Discusses the State of Profanity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-0\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Cursing is coursing through society. Words once too blue to publicly utter have become increasingly commonplace. \u201cLanguage is just part of the whole shift to a more casual lifestyle,\u201d said Timothy Jay, a professor emeritus of psychology at the Massachusetts College of Liberal Arts in North Adams, Mass.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Dr. Jay has spent a career studying the use of profanity, from what motivates it to the ways in which it satisfies, signals meaning and offends. Although officially retired, he has continued to edit studies on profanity and he recently offered an expert opinion in an <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/04\/26\/us\/politics\/lets-go-brandon-shirts-michigan-school.html\" title=\"\">ongoing legal dispute in Michigan<\/a> over whether the phrase \u201cLet\u2019s go Brandon\u201d (a euphemism used to denigrate former President Joseph R. Biden Jr.) should be reasonably interpreted as \u201cprofane.\u201d (It should not, Dr. Jay opined.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Dr. Jay posits that the increasingly casual nature of the spoken word derives in part from the way people communicate on social media. One <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/2531602.2531734\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">study<\/a>, published in 2014 by other researchers in the field, found that curse words on Twitter, now known as X, appeared in 7.7 percent of posts, with profanity representing about 1 in every 10 words on the platform. That compared to a swearing rate of 0.5 to 0.7 percent in spoken language, the study found.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">If that data troubles you, Dr. Jay has some thoughts on how to dial back the profanity. F*@%-free February, anyone?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-1\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Tis interview has been condensed and edited for clarity, and scrubbed of some of the vernacular that Dr. Jay conceded he regularly uses on the golf course.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Why does social media contribute to more casual use of language?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">People are remote, so they can be aggressive without any physical retaliation. By and large, you\u2019re anonymous, so there\u2019s no personal consequence. It\u2019s also part of a larger shift to a more casual lifestyle. What kids are wearing to school these days would have been disgraceful in my day.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Is that a problem \u2014 not the clothes, the swearing?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Our culture is constantly evolving and will continue to evolve. One place it is a problem is the way that women are increasingly attacked online and harassed.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">So you don\u2019t really see this development as positive or negative?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Slang is made to confront authority and to create a code that identifies one as an in-group member. Misuse of slang means you are an outsider. Slang must change with time.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The casualness of language coexists with the casualness of clothing styles, workplace behaviors, music lyrics, television content, table manners, et cetera, which have trended in general to a more relaxed state post-World War II, especially notable in the 1960s.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-2\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">You\u2019re saying that curse words that people once avoided they now say regularly.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">For years, I asked people to rank swear words on a scale of one to 10 of which words were the worst. A five would be \u201cdamn\u201d or \u201chell.\u201d That was the middle range. A hundred years ago you couldn\u2019t have used them on the radio; now they\u2019re in the comic strips in the newspaper.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">What ranks as a 1?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cSugar.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">What about other alternatives to longstanding curse words? Can I run a few by you?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Go ahead.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">\u201cFudge\u201d \u2014 satisfying?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Not to me.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">I hear a lot of people say \u201cflipping\u201d or \u201cfreaking.\u201d Which one do you prefer?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">I like \u201cfrickin\u2019\u201d \u2014 I\u2019ve used, \u201cShut the frickin\u2019 door!\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">What do you like about that?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It\u2019s similarity to \u2026 [expletive].<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">So if something is phonetically similar, that makes it satisfying?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It\u2019s how it feels in your entire body \u2014 an autonomic nervous-system reaction to hearing someone say [expletive] or saying [expletive] yourself. It raises your pulse, heart rate, breathing rate all above the use of a nonoffensive word such as \u201ccalendar.\u201d We recorded skin-conductance tests that demonstrated that taboo words produce a more emotional reaction than nontaboo words. The word arouses us in knowing that we are going to say it and continues to arouse us even after speaking.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-3\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Do these words provoke physical aggression?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">My research group has recorded over 10,000 people swearing in public. Not once have we seen these usages turn into aggression or violence. Most swearing is casual, conversational and pretty harmless. At the same time, we are more sensitive to language issues surrounding sexual harassment, racial-ethnic-gender discrimination, verbal abuse and threatening language than in the past.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">What draws us to a particular word?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It\u2019s personal. One\u2019s psychological history with hearing and saying a word mainly in childhood, and then the consequence of using the word again, brings about the feelings previously associated with the word.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It\u2019s social, meaning the words that are important emotionally not only depend on the speaker\u2019s psychological relationship with the word but also the value and valence of the word within a speaker\u2019s community.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">And it\u2019s physical.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Does that suggest that euphemisms may not satisfy, and that therefore we can\u2019t curb our cursing?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The key to breaking a habit is being aware that you do it and then trying to circumvent that.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">So you can change the pattern should you wish to<\/strong>?<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-4\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Yes. If you think about how memory works, what you\u2019ve done is you\u2019ve activated the new word in your brain. And so by activating \u201cfreakin\u2019\u201d or \u201csugar,\u201d you\u2019re making that more salient.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">In other words, with practice, you can diminish the potency of the curse word and<\/strong> <strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">strengthen the lure of the euphemism.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Yes, but you have to be aware of both pieces and that one of them has natural salience.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Recently, I was watching my grandson, a mogul skier, when he went off course. And I just said, \u201cdang.\u201d He\u2019s 18 years old, and I try not to swear around him. But I have to think about it, especially when I play golf.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">From where you sit in retirement, do you feel that swearing research is in good hands?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">I gave a keynote speech to a group of international scholars meeting on swearing and cursing in Cologne, Germany, in 2015, two years before I retired. I was 65 years old at the time and most of the speakers were in their 30s and 40s. I realized that there was a new generation continuing to study taboo words in a manner that I pioneered in the 1970s. It was about time to step aside and let them have the glory.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/02\/08\/science\/science-of-swearing-cursing.html\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cursing is coursing through society. Words once too blue to publicly utter have become increasingly commonplace. \u201cLanguage is just part<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4743,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[2020,2021,221,2022,118,188],"class_list":["post-4742","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","tag-customs","tag-etiquette-and-manners","tag-language-and-languages","tag-slang","tag-social-media","tag-your-feed-science"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>A Swearing Expert Discusses the State of Profanity - World News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/a-swearing-expert-discusses-the-state-of-profanity\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"A Swearing Expert Discusses the State of Profanity - World News\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cursing is coursing through society. 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