{"id":3397,"date":"2025-02-01T20:46:49","date_gmt":"2025-02-01T20:46:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/horst-kohler-former-german-president-and-i-m-f-leader-dies-at-81\/"},"modified":"2025-02-01T20:46:49","modified_gmt":"2025-02-01T20:46:49","slug":"horst-kohler-former-german-president-and-i-m-f-leader-dies-at-81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/horst-kohler-former-german-president-and-i-m-f-leader-dies-at-81\/","title":{"rendered":"Horst K\u00f6hler, Former German President and I.M.F. Leader, Dies at 81"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-0\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Horst K\u00f6hler, who became Germany\u2019s president after being a <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2000\/03\/15\/business\/man-in-the-news-in-the-midst-of-upheaval-yet-out-of-public-sight-horst-kohler.html\" title=\"\">financial engineer behind the reunification of Germany and the creation several decades later of the euro currency<\/a>, died on Saturday in Berlin. He was 81.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The German president\u2019s office, <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bundespraesident.de\/SharedDocs\/Pressemitteilungen\/DE\/2025\/02\/250201-Todesanzeige-K%C3%B6hler.html\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">in a statement<\/a> on behalf of Mr. K\u00f6hler\u2019s family, said he died after a short illness.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Despite having served as managing director of the International Monetary Fund, Mr. K\u00f6hler was little known politically in Germany before becoming the country\u2019s president in 2004. Yet Mr. he rose to popularity after taking office, serving much of his nearly six years alongside Chancellor Angela Merkel.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mr. K\u00f6hler advocated transforming Germany into \u201ca land of ideas\u201d that would shape its own future and act as a force for good on the global stage. He called for bolder domestic economic reforms, and a more confident position internationally. <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2004\/05\/24\/world\/germany-elects-reform-minded-president.html\" title=\"\">In his May 2004 acceptance speech<\/a>, he said that \u201cGermany has to fight for its place in the 21st century.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-1\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But his bold statements, such as questioning whether the unequal living standards in the former East and West Germany could ever be evened out, <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2004\/09\/14\/news\/german-president-breaks-a-taboo.html\" title=\"\">broke taboos<\/a> in the German political establishment and came at a cost.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-2\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In 2010, a year into his second term, Mr. K\u00f6hler <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2010\/06\/01\/world\/europe\/01germany.html\" title=\"\">resigned abruptly<\/a> amid a barrage of criticism over remarks he made about German soldiers serving in Afghanistan and on peacekeeping missions. His comments, made during a visit to Afghanistan, that German soldiers were deployed to protect German economic interests, drew ire from political opponents who were calling for the withdrawal of his country\u2019s forces from Afghanistan.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It was the first time in four decades that a German president had quit the post \u2014 although his successor, <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2012\/02\/18\/world\/europe\/german-president-could-lose-his-immunity.html\" title=\"\">Christian Wulff, would also resign<\/a>, in his case over accusations of improper ties to businesspeople after less than two years in office.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mr. K\u00f6hler\u2019s exit from the political arena was a political blow to Ms. Merkel, his ally and close friend. The re-election of Mr. K\u00f6hler, a member of her Christian Democratic Union party, a year earlier had been <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/05\/24\/world\/europe\/24germany.html\" title=\"\">considered a show of party solidarity<\/a> as Ms. Merkel faced her own re-election in a fractured political space.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-3\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Horst K\u00f6hler was born on Feb. 22, 1943, in Skierbieszow, Poland. He was the seventh of eight children, according to his official biography. During World War II, his family fled Soviet troops, settling in a town near Leipzig, Germany. Nine years later, they <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.horstkoehler.de\/en\/vita-horst-koehler\/\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">fled again<\/a> after the <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2013\/06\/18\/world\/europe\/germany-puts-spotlight-on-its-own-anti-soviet-revolt.html\" title=\"\">1953 East German uprising, an anti-Soviet revolt<\/a>. They lived in several refugee camps before settling in Ludwigsburg, West Germany.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">After completing school and military service, Mr. K\u00f6hler studied economics at the University of T\u00fcbingen, graduating in 1969. He went on to obtain a Ph.D. in economics from the university in 1977. A year earlier, he had begun working as a civil servant at the economics ministry in Bonn, which was then the capital of West Germany.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">As Germany grappled with its reunification in the early 1990s, Mr. K\u00f6hler held a senior position in the country\u2019s finance ministry. During that time, he was <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2009\/05\/24\/world\/europe\/24germany.html\" title=\"\">one of the chief negotiators<\/a> of the 1992 Maastricht Treaty, which created the euro.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">From 1993 to 1998, he led the German Savings Bank Association, an umbrella organization that oversees a network of German banks. He then headed the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, which helped Germany and other countries transition to an open market at the end of the Cold War. He also served as <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.horstkoehler.de\/en\/vita-horst-koehler\/\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">an adviser<\/a> to Chancellor Helmut Kohl.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Starting in May 2000, Mr. K\u00f6hler <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.imf.org\/external\/np\/omd\/bios\/hk.htm\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">worked for four years as managing director of the International Monetary Fund<\/a>, where he endorsed a view of globalization that was more inclusive of developing nations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-4\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Still, he remained <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2000\/03\/15\/business\/man-in-the-news-in-the-midst-of-upheaval-yet-out-of-public-sight-horst-kohler.html\" title=\"\">relatively unknown<\/a> to the German public, and in 2004 he became Germany\u2019s president despite not having built a career as a party politician.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">After his presidency, he shifted his focus to humanitarian work, through a foundation with his wife, Eva Luise K\u00f6hler, that focused on development in Africa and climate change.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mr. K\u00f6hler is survived by his wife; their daughter, Ulrike; a son, Jochen; and four grandchildren.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/02\/01\/world\/europe\/germany-horst-kohler-dead.html\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Horst K\u00f6hler, who became Germany\u2019s president after being a financial engineer behind the reunification of Germany and the creation several<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3398,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[35],"tags":[441,763,1467,1468,469],"class_list":["post-3397","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-world","tag-deaths-obituaries","tag-germany","tag-horst-kohler","tag-international-monetary-fund","tag-politics-and-government"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Horst K\u00f6hler, Former German President and I.M.F. 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