{"id":24299,"date":"2025-05-08T19:55:52","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T19:55:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/at-the-biennale-in-venice-a-fantasy-island-imported-from-mexico\/"},"modified":"2025-05-08T19:55:52","modified_gmt":"2025-05-08T19:55:52","slug":"at-the-biennale-in-venice-a-fantasy-island-imported-from-mexico","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/at-the-biennale-in-venice-a-fantasy-island-imported-from-mexico\/","title":{"rendered":"At the Biennale in Venice, A Fantasy Island Imported from Mexico"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-0\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mexico City\u2019s small urban farms \u2014 known locally as chinampas \u2014 practice a sort of agriculture in reverse: instead of bringing water to land as most farms do, chinampas bring land to water.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The chinampas in use today go back about a thousand years, to when Aztec farmers began building rectangular fields on top of vast lakes and growing food for what was then the city of Tenochtitlan. There were tens of thousands of chinampas at one point, arranged in strict grids with narrow canals between them, though many were destroyed or abandoned (along with the rest of the Mesoamerican metropolis) after Hern\u00e1n Cort\u00e9s and his invading Spanish soldiers rearranged the civic order in 1521.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But working chinampas continue to exist in the southern Mexico City neighborhood of Xochimilco \u2014 despite continuing encroachment by developers and competition from factory farms \u2014 operating mostly as family businesses that produce heirloom lettuce, radishes, dahlias and other crops. Lately, the farms\u2019 irrigation-friendly ways are getting fresh attention in a world rocked by climate change and suffering from widespread droughts.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-1\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Could other places around the globe borrow the idea of creating \u201cfloating islands,\u201d as the fields are sometimes called, which are engulfed by water? A team of Mexican designers, landscapers and farmers believes the ancient technology may be widely adaptable, enough that they will recreate a chinampa for their country\u2019s pavilion at this year\u2019s Architecture Biennale in Venice.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-2\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cChinampas have a simple and intelligent design, created in a collective way that benefits not only people but all of the surrounding living beings, too,\u201d said Lucio Usobiaga, a team member who has spent the last 15 years defending the remaining chinampas through a nonprofit he founded called <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.arcatierra.com\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Arca Tierra<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mexico\u2019s pavilion is a neat fit for the biennial\u2019s main exhibition, \u201cIntelligens. Natural. Artificial. Collective,\u201d which is intended to show design projects that address climate change in creative ways. The chinampas are at once man-made and organic and can succeed only if there is cooperation among farmers, policymakers and the growing number of tourists who float through on popular canoe tours, gazing at fields of corn and flocks of egrets and pelicans.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Promoting the chinampa as an inspiration for eco-friendly design was an obvious choice for the biennale, team members said. \u201cVenice is also built on water and has the same kind of vulnerabilities that Xochimilco has,\u201d noted Ana Paula Ruiz Galindo, a founder of the design firm <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/pedroyjuana.com\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Pedro y Juana<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">They pointed out that Venice and Xochimilco were added to the list of UNESCO World Heritage sites in the same year, 1987, and both places are island communities navigable by boats and working to balance the positive and negative aspects of tourism.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-3\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Venice has its iconic gondolas, while Xochimilco has its trajineras, flat-bottomed vessels, decorated in bright colors and fake flowers that take visitors on party-themed excursions. Both boats are operated by pilots who push them along channels using long poles.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">As for how to recreate a chinampa on-site, that took some imagination. And compromise.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The Aztecs constructed their islands over time, using reeds and branches to make fences in the mucky lake bottom. These formed boundaries for multiple layers of sediment and decaying vegetation (and sometimes human sewerage) until the islands rose far enough above water to be farmed. In addition to growing crops like corn, beans and squash \u2014 using the traditional milpa<em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\"> <\/em>agricultural method that naturally preserves nutrients in soil \u2014 they planted trees on the corners of the islands to stabilize the land.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mexico\u2019s pavilion, inside the biennale\u2019s Arsenale complex, will feature a stripped-down version, much smaller than the 500 square meters (0.12 acres) of a typical chinampa. The exhibition will be enhanced by videos produced in Mexico City featuring real chinamperos, as the farmers are called, and bleachers will be installed along the walls. Artificial lighting will replace sunshine.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-4\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In the center will be a working garden planted with vegetables, flowers and medicinal herbs. (The crops were started in an Italian nursery and transferred to the Arsenale by boat in mid-April.) They will mature during the biennale, which continues through Nov. 23.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cBy the end of the biennale, we will be able to harvest corn and make tortillas,\u201d said Mr. Usobiaga. \u201cBefore that, we can harvest beans, squash, tomatoes and chiles.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-5\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Visitors will learn about special seed cultivation techniques that are unique to chinampas and will have the chance to plant seedlings themselves.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In a nod to local agriculture, the chinampa will also employ a version of vite maritata<em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\">,<\/em> a practice established in ancient Etruscan agriculture that calls for planting grapes around trees, which serve as a natural trellis system for the vines.<em class=\"css-2fg4z9 e1gzwzxm0\"> <\/em>The exhibition team sees a link between the two forms of agro-forestry, combining trees and crops into one ecosystem.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe are going to see this dialogue between two ancient cultures that both have a lot to say about how we can move forward,\u201d Mr. Usobiaga said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The exhibition team members said they wanted to be careful not to overly romanticize chinampas because they are not easy to duplicate on a scale that could feed a large population today. The farms work in Mexico City because they sit on a lake that lacks an outlet to another body of water, making water levels relatively easy to control. The opposite is true, of course, in Venice, which is on a lagoon close to the sea and always under threat from flooding.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Also, the economics of small farms \u2014 high production costs, low yields because of their size \u2014 make it difficult to turn a profit. Farmworker wages are generally too low to support people in urban areas, and the backbreaking work of planting and harvesting has lost prestige.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThis is a big problem here, that people, especially young people, don\u2019t want to work the soil on chinampas anymore,\u201d said <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mariamarindebuen.com\/english\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Mar\u00eda Mar\u00edn de Buen<\/a>, the team\u2019s graphic designer.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-6\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Even in Xochimilco, many chinampas lie fallow because their owners cannot make a living. Some have been turned into soccer fields, which are rented out to the community; others are event venues where people celebrate weddings or birthday parties. Officially, the land is restricted from development, as well as from cattle grazing and the hunting of endangered animal species, though these things happen with alarming frequency.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Still, the team sees something inspirational at play: a connection between nature and the built environment, between existing water resources and the need to construct houses and schools. Architects who visit the biennale may not go on to design large swaths of farmland, but they can replicate the idea on a smaller scale using whatever conditions exist, said Jachen Schleich, a team member who is a principal of the Mexico City architectural firm <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/divisare.com\/authors\/2144701179-dellekamp-schleich\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">Dellekamp + Schleich<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cEven if somebody does this in his backyard, he can at least feed his family, or the people on the four floors of his building, Mr. Schleich said. \u201cIt could be like a micro-intervention in the landscape or a public space.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/05\/08\/arts\/design\/biennale-venice-chinampas-mexico.html\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mexico City\u2019s small urban farms \u2014 known locally as chinampas \u2014 practice a sort of agriculture in reverse: instead of<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24300,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[38],"tags":[620,6949,181,6950,413,4194,6948,2671,6947,4153,6945,6946,4912],"class_list":["post-24299","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-science","tag-agriculture-and-farming","tag-cortes","tag-global-warming","tag-hernan-1485-1547","tag-mexico","tag-mexico-city-mexico","tag-scientific-and-cultural-organization","tag-sustainable-living","tag-united-nations-educational","tag-venice-italy","tag-venice-architecture-biennale","tag-venice-biennale","tag-world-heritage-sites"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>At the Biennale in Venice, A Fantasy Island Imported from Mexico - World News<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, 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