{"id":2411,"date":"2025-01-27T21:54:28","date_gmt":"2025-01-27T21:54:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/what-is-deepseek-and-how-is-it-upending-a-i\/"},"modified":"2025-01-27T21:54:28","modified_gmt":"2025-01-27T21:54:28","slug":"what-is-deepseek-and-how-is-it-upending-a-i","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.itshrt.com\/worldnews\/what-is-deepseek-and-how-is-it-upending-a-i\/","title":{"rendered":"What is DeepSeek? And How Is It Upending A.I.?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p> <script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<\/p>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-0\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Tech stocks <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/01\/27\/business\/us-stock-market-deepseek-ai-sp500-nvidia.html\" title=\"\">tumbled<\/a>. Giant companies like Meta and Nvidia faced a barrage of questions about their future. And tech executives took to social media to proclaim their fears.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">And it was all because of a little-known Chinese artificial intelligence start-up called <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/01\/23\/technology\/deepseek-china-ai-chips.html\" title=\"\">DeepSeek<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">DeepSeek caused waves all over the world on Monday as one of its accomplishments \u2014 that it had created a very powerful A.I. model with far less money than many A.I. experts thought possible \u2014 raised a host of questions, including whether U.S. companies were even competitive in A.I. anymore.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">DeepSeek is \u201cAI\u2019s Sputnik moment,\u201d Marc Andreessen, a tech venture capitalist, <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/x.com\/pmarca\/status\/1883640142591853011\" title=\"\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">posted<\/a> on social media on Sunday.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">How could a company that few people had heard of have such an effect? <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-1\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-398d0569\">What is DeepSeek?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">DeepSeek is a start-up founded and owned by the Chinese stock trading firm High-Flyer. Its goal is to build A.I. technologies along the lines of OpenAI\u2019s ChatGPT chatbot or Google\u2019s Gemini. By 2021, DeepSeek had acquired thousands of computer chips from the U.S. chipmaker Nvidia, which are a fundamental part of any effort to create powerful A.I. systems<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In China, the start-up is known for grabbing young and talented A.I. researchers from top universities, promising high salaries and an opportunity to work on cutting-edge research projects. Both High-Flyer and DeepSeek are run by Liang Wenfeng, a Chinese entrepreneur.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Over the past few years, DeepSeek has released several large language models, which is the kind of technology that underpins chatbots like ChatGPT and Gemini. On Jan. 10, it released its first free chatbot app, which was based on a new model called DeepSeek-V3.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-501791a0\">Why did the stock market react to it now?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">When DeepSeek introduced its DeepSeek-V3 model the day after Christmas, it matched the abilities of the best chatbots from U.S. companies like OpenAI and Google. That alone would have been impressive.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But the team behind the new system also revealed a bigger step forward. In a research paper explaining how it built the technology, DeepSeek said it used only a fraction of the computer chips that leading A.I. companies relied on to train their systems.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-2\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The world\u2019s top companies typically train their chatbots with supercomputers that use as many as 16,000 chips or more. DeepSeek\u2019s engineers said they needed only about 2,000 Nvidia chips.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-3\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-86083c0\">Why is that important?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Since late 2022, when OpenAI set off the A.I. boom, the prevailing notion had been that the most powerful A.I. systems could not be built without investing billions of dollars in specialized A.I. chips. That would mean that only the biggest tech companies \u2014 such as Microsoft, Google and Meta, all of which are based in the United States \u2014 could afford to build the leading technologies.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">(The New York Times has <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/12\/27\/business\/media\/new-york-times-open-ai-microsoft-lawsuit.html\" title=\"\">sued<\/a> OpenAI and its partner, Microsoft, claiming copyright infringement of news content related to A.I. systems. The two tech companies have denied the suit\u2019s claims.)<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But DeepSeek\u2019s engineers said they needed only about $6 million in raw computing power to train their new system. That was roughly 10 times less than what Meta spent building its latest A.I. technology.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-4\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-60879915\">How did DeepSeek make its tech with fewer A.I. chips?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Top A.I. engineers in the United States say that DeepSeek\u2019s research paper laid out clever and impressive ways of building A.I. technology with fewer chips.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In short, the startup\u2019s engineers demonstrated a more efficient way of analyzing data using the chips. Leading A.I. systems learn their skills by pinpointing patterns in huge amounts of data, including text, images and sounds. DeepSeek described a way of spreading this data analysis across several specialized A.I. models \u2014 what researchers call a \u201cmixture of experts\u201d method \u2014 while minimizing the time lost by moving data from place to place.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Others have used similar methods before, but moving information between the models tended to reduce efficiency. DeepSeek did this in a way that allowed it to use less computing power.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIt has become very clear that other companies, not just someone like OpenAI, can build these kinds of systems,\u201d said Tim Dettmers, a researcher at the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Seattle and a professor of computer science at Carnegie Mellon University who specializes in building efficient A.I. systems. \u201cDeepSeek used methods that anyone can duplicate.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">DeepSeek\u2019s research paper raised questions about whether big U.S. companies could maintain a significant lead in A.I. Many experts believe that A.I. technology will become a commodity, with many companies selling much the same product.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-5\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-13dc4543\">Is DeepSeek\u2019s tech as good as systems from OpenAI and Google?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">DeepSeek-V3 can answer questions, solve logic problems and write its own computer programs as effectively as anything already on the market, according to standard benchmark tests.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Just before DeepSeek released its technology, OpenAI had unveiled a new system, <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/12\/20\/technology\/openai-new-ai-math-science.html\" title=\"\">called OpenAI o3<\/a>, which seemed more powerful than DeepSeek-V3. But OpenAI has not released this system to the wider public.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">OpenAI o3 was designed to \u201creason\u201d through problems involving math, science and computer programming. Many experts pointed out that DeepSeek had not built a reasoning model along these lines, which is seen as the future of A.I.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Then on Jan. 20, DeepSeek released its own reasoning model called DeepSeek R1, and it, too, impressed the experts. That eventually sent U.S. investors and others into a panic late last week and over the weekend as they realized the importance of DeepSeek\u2019s new technology.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-711e172a\">U.S. tech giants are building data centers with specialized A.I. chips. Does this still matter, given what DeepSeek has done?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Yes, it still matters.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Large numbers of A.I. chips can still help companies in many ways. With more chips, they can run more experiments as they explore new ways of building A.I. In other words, more chips can still give companies a technical and competitive advantage.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-6\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">More chips will also be needed to operate the new breed of \u201creasoning\u201d A.I. models, experts said. These require more computing power when people and businesses use them.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-581181cf\">Hasn\u2019t the United States limited the number of Nvidia chips sold to China?<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-7\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Yes. To maintain the U.S. lead in the global A.I. race, the Biden administration had put in place rules limiting the number of powerful chips that could be sold to China and other rivals.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But the impressive performance of the DeepSeek model raised questions about the unintended consequences of the American government\u2019s trade restrictions. The controls have forced researchers in China to get creative with a wide range of tools that are freely available on the internet.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Some experts continue to argue in favor of U.S. trade restrictions, saying that they were only recently put in place and that they will have a greater effect on China\u2019s abilities to create A.I. as the years pass.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-8\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-1d4cd9ec\">Does DeepSeek\u2019s tech mean that China is now ahead of the United States in A.I.?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">No. The world has not yet seen OpenAI\u2019s o3 model, and its performance on standard benchmark tests was more impressive than anything else on the market. But experts are concerned that China is jumping ahead on open-source A.I. systems.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-1f335ff8\">What exactly is open-source A.I.?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2024\/02\/21\/technology\/china-united-states-artificial-intelligence.html\" title=\"\">Like many other companies<\/a>, DeepSeek has \u201copen sourced\u201d its latest A.I. system, which means that it has shared the underlying computer code with other businesses and researchers. This allows others to build and distribute their own products using the same technologies.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">This is part of the reason DeepSeek and others in China have been able to build competitive A.I. systems so quickly and inexpensively.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In the A.I. world, open source first gathered steam in 2023 when <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/05\/18\/technology\/ai-meta-open-source.html\" title=\"\">Meta freely shared an A.I. system called Llama<\/a>. At the time, many assumed that the open-source ecosystem would flourish only if companies like Meta \u2014 giant firms with huge data centers filled with specialized chips \u2014 continued to open source their technologies.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But DeepSeek and others have shown that this ecosystem can thrive in ways that extend beyond the American tech giants.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<div data-testid=\"companionColumn-9\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<h2 class=\"css-13o6u42 eoo0vm40\" id=\"link-86083c0\">Why is that important?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Many experts have argued that the big U.S. companies should not open source their technologies because <a class=\"css-yywogo\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2023\/05\/01\/technology\/ai-problems-danger-chatgpt.html\" title=\"\">they could be used to spread disinformation or cause other serious harm<\/a>. Some U.S. lawmakers have explored the possibility of preventing or throttling the practice.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But other experts have argued that if regulators stifle the progress of open-source technology in the United States, China will gain a significant edge. If the best open-source technologies come from China, these experts argue, U.S. researchers and companies will build their systems atop those technologies.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In the long run, that could put China at the heart of A.I. research and development, which could further accelerate its effort to build a wide range of A.I. technologies, including autonomous weapons and other military systems.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"\/><\/div>\n<p><script async src=\"https:\/\/pagead2.googlesyndication.com\/pagead\/js\/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     crossorigin=\"anonymous\"><\/script>\r\n<!-- ItShrt World News -->\r\n<ins class=\"adsbygoogle\"\r\n     style=\"display:block\"\r\n     data-ad-client=\"ca-pub-6606220950177433\"\r\n     data-ad-slot=\"1882483372\"\r\n     data-ad-format=\"auto\"\r\n     data-full-width-responsive=\"true\"><\/ins>\r\n<script>\r\n     (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});\r\n<\/script>\r\n<br \/>\n<br \/><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2025\/01\/27\/technology\/what-is-deepseek-china-ai.html\">Source link <\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tech stocks tumbled. Giant companies like Meta and Nvidia faced a barrage of questions about their future. And tech executives<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2412,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[213,349,770,123,218,771,392,98,121,217,772,214,219,118,782],"class_list":["post-2411","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-technology","tag-artificial-intelligence","tag-china","tag-computer-chips","tag-computers-and-the-internet","tag-data-centers","tag-deepseek-artificial-intelligence-co-ltd","tag-google-inc","tag-international-relations","tag-meta-platforms-inc","tag-microsoft-corp","tag-nvidia-corporation","tag-openai-labs","tag-regulation-and-deregulation-of-industry","tag-social-media","tag-start-ups"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>What is DeepSeek? 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